Module 1: Introduction to Cybersecurity
What is Cybersecurity?
Cybersecurity is the way we protect computers, phones, and information from bad people called hackers. These hackers try to steal, damage, or mess up our personal and work data.
Why Should You Care?
- Hackers can steal your money by getting your bank details.
- They can take over your social media accounts and pretend to be you.
- They can trick you into clicking bad links that infect your device.
- Cyberattacks happen every day, so knowing how to stay safe is important!
Common Cyber Threats
1. Malware (Bad Software)
🔹 What is it? A virus or bad program that can damage your device.
🔹 How does it spread? Through fake downloads, email attachments, and bad websites.
🔹 What happens if infected?
- Your computer slows down.
- Files may disappear.
- Hackers can steal your personal info.
🔹 How to stay safe?
✅ Never download files from unknown sources.
✅ Keep your software and antivirus updated.
2. Phishing (Fake Emails & Messages)
🔹 What is it? A trick where hackers send fake emails or texts pretending to be someone you trust (like a bank, a friend, or a company).
🔹 What do they want?
- Your password.
- Your credit card details.
- Access to your computer.
🔹 How to spot phishing?
❌ The email has spelling mistakes.
❌ The link looks weird or unfamiliar.
❌ The message is urgent (“Click now or lose your account!”).
🔹 How to stay safe?
✅ Never click on suspicious links.
✅ Always check the sender’s email address.
✅ When in doubt, ask someone you trust before clicking.
3. Ransomware (Hackers Lock Your Files!)
🔹 What is it? A cyberattack where hackers lock your files and demand money to unlock them.
🔹 How do they attack? Through infected emails, downloads, or websites.
🔹 What happens?
- You lose access to your files.
- Hackers demand money to return them (but they may not!).
🔹 How to stay safe?
✅ Back up your important files regularly.
✅ Don’t open unknown email attachments.
4. Social Engineering (Tricking You into Sharing Info!)
🔹 What is it? Hackers try to trick you into giving them your passwords, money, or personal details.
🔹 Examples:
- Fake calls: “This is tech support, your computer has a virus! Give me your password!”
- Impersonation: A hacker pretends to be your friend or boss and asks for money.
🔹 How to stay safe?
✅ Never share passwords, even with friends.
✅ If someone asks for money or personal info, double-check with them in person or call them.
Cybersecurity Rules to Remember
1️⃣ Think Before You Click! – Don’t open links or emails from people you don’t know.
2️⃣ Use Strong Passwords! – Make them long and different for every account.
3️⃣ Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)! – It adds extra protection to your accounts.
4️⃣ Keep Software Updated! – Updates fix security holes hackers can use.
5️⃣ Stay Alert! – Hackers are always trying new tricks. If something seems strange, ask an adult or IT professional for help.
Cybersecurity is Everyone’s Responsibility!
By following these simple rules, you can help keep yourself, your family, and your workplace safe from cyberattacks!
